A. Disc Morphology and Terminology  Understanding Normal Discs, Bulging Discs, and Herniated Discs Understanding the differences between bulging, protruded, and extruded discs is crucial. In 2014, Fardon et al. published recommendations to harmonize lumbar disc nomenclature, helping to standardize these definitions (Fardon DF, et al. 2014). 1. Normal Disc -Defined as morphologically normal without considering the clinical context. 2. Bulging Disc 2a- Symmetric Bulging Disc: … Continue reading Comprehensive Overview of Herniated Disc Localization, Morphology, and Migration patterns