Balance control poses a significant challenge for older adults with visual impairments. While exercise programs can help improve balance, participation can be challenging for those with poor vision. Previous research has shown that Tai Chi enhances balance control, muscle strength, and fall prevention in sighted elderly individuals. This study aimed to investigate whether similar benefits could be extended to visually impaired elderly persons.
The primary goal was to examine the effects of Tai Chi on the balance control of elderly individuals with visual impairments. The research was conducted as a randomised clinical trial. The study took place in residential care homes. Forty visually impaired individuals aged 70 and older participated in the study.
Participants were randomly assigned to either a Tai Chi group or a control group. Both groups were assessed before and after the intervention using three tests:
- Passive knee joint repositioning to evaluate knee proprioception.
- Concentric isokinetic strength tests for knee extensors and flexors.
- A sensory organization test to measure the ability to maintain balance under various complex sensory conditions.
Post-intervention assessments revealed that the Tai Chi group experienced significant improvements in knee proprioception. Additionally, participants in the Tai Chi group showed enhanced performance in visual and vestibular balance tests compared to the control group.
This study underscores the potential benefits of Tai Chi for improving balance control among visually impaired elderly individuals, suggesting that it could be an effective exercise program to mitigate balance-related issues in this population.
Reference: Chen, E. W., Fu, A. S., Chan, K. M., & Tsang, W. W. (2012). The effects of Tai Chi on the balance control of elderly persons with visual impairment: a randomised clinical trial. Age and ageing, 41(2), 254-259.