How does tactile-kinesthetic stimulation impact growth and behavior in premature infants?

In 2000, Mathai, et. al., conducted a controlled trial at a prominent teaching hospital, researchers delved into the potential advantages of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation for preterm infants. The study aimed to investigate the impact of this intervention on physiological parameters, physical growth, and behavioral development among preterm infants.

The study involved a cohort of 48 well preterm infants, with birth weights ranging from 1000 to 2000 grams. The trial was carried out in the premature unit of the hospital’s growing nursery.

The infants were carefully allocated to either a test group or a control group. Those in the test group received tactile-kinesthetic stimulation, specifically in the form of a structured baby massage, starting from day 3 until their term-corrected age. During the initial days of stimulation within the hospital setting, researchers closely monitored vital parameters such as heart rate, respiration, temperature, and oxygen saturation. The massage regimen was continued at home thereafter. The research team tracked changes in weight, length, and head circumference, and evaluated neuro-behavioral development using the Brazelton Neuro-Behavioral Assessment Scale. Assessments were conducted prior to, during, and after the study period in both groups.

The test group exhibited a slight increase in heart rate during the stimulation period, which remained within the physiological range. Moreover, this group demonstrated a noteworthy weight gain of 4.24 grams per day compared to the control group, and this difference was statistically significant. Analyzing the results from the Brazelton Scale, the test group showcased statistically significant improvements in various clusters, including “orientation,” “range of state,” “regulation of state,” and “autonomic stability,” upon follow-up assessments. Importantly, no significant complications were observed throughout the study period. Additionally, a positive correlation emerged between the duration of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation in days and the corresponding weight gain in grams. However, this correlation did not attain statistical significance.

The findings of this study underscore the potential benefits of administering tactile-kinesthetic stimulation to preterm infants who are in stable health. Notably, this intervention was linked to favorable outcomes in terms of growth and behavioral development, without adversely affecting physiological parameters. This research offers valuable insights into an intervention that can contribute to the well-being of preterm infants and potentially inform clinical practices in neonatal care.

In summary, the trial highlights the positive effects of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation on preterm infants, shedding light on an avenue for enhancing their growth and developmental trajectory while ensuring their physiological stability.

Reference: Mathai, S., Fernandez, A., Mondkar, J., & Kanbur, W. (2001). Effects of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation in preterms-A contolled trial. Indian pediatrics38(10), 1091-1098.

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