Special Tests | A list of clinical tests that detect and/or confirm a physical or mental feature that is regarded as an indication of a disease.

1. Orthopaedic Tests
   1. Neck
      1. Cervical
         1. Spurling’s test
         2. Jackson’s compression test
         3. Cervical distraction test
         4. Brachial plexus compression test
         5. Brachial plexus tension test
         6. Bikele’s sign
         7. Valsalva test for cervical/lumbar spine
         8. Alar ligament stress test
         9. Transverse ligament stress test
         10. Sharp purser test
   2. Arms
      1. Shoulder
         1. Load and shift test
         2. Jerk test
         3. Inferior Drawer or John Feagin test (anteroinferior glenohumeral instability)
         4. Anterior drawer test (anterior glenohumeral instability)
         5. Apprehension test (anterior glenohumeral instability)
         6. Jobe relocation test or Fowler’s sign (anterior glenohumeral instability)
         7. Fulcrum test (anterior glenohumeral instability)
         8. Anterior release or surprise test (anterior glenohumeral instability)
         9. Crank test
         10. Bony apprehension test
         11. Rowe’s test (anterior glenohumeral instability)
         12. Sulcus sign (inferior glenohumeral instability)
         13. Hawkins-Kennedy impingement test
         14. Neer impingement test
         15. Reverse impingement test or Impingement relief test
         16. O’brien’s active compression test
         17. Speed’s test
         18. Clunk test
         19. Biceps load test I (Kim’s test 1)
         20. Biceps load test II (Kim’s test 2)
      2. Elbow
      3. Hand
      4. Wrist
   3. Upper Back
      1. Thoracic
   4. Lower Back
      1. Lumbar
         1. Milgram’s test
      2. Pelvis
      3. Sacral
   5. Legs
      1. Hip
      2. Knee
      3. Ankle
      4. Foot

1. Neurodynamic Tests
   1. Upper Limb Neural Tension Tests
      1. Upper limb tension (neurodynamic) test 1 – Median Nerve, Anterior Interosseous Nerve and C5,6,7 Nerve Root Bias
      2. Upper limb tension (neurodynamic) test 2A – Median Nerve, Musculocutaneous Nerve and Axillary Nerve Root Bias
      3. Upper limb tension (neurodynamic) test 2B – Radial Nerve Bias
      4. Upper limb tension (neurodynamic) test 3 – Ulnar Nerve and C8, T1 Nerve Root Bias
   2. Slump Tests
      1. Slump test 1 – Spinal Cord, Sciatic Nerve, Cervical and Lumbar Nerve Root Bias
      2. Slump test 2 – Obturator Nerve Bias
      3. Slump (side-lying knee bend) test 3 – Femoral Nerve Bias
      4. Slump (long sitting) test 4 – Spinal Cord, Sciatic Nerve, Cervical and Lumbar Nerve Root Bias
   3. Lower Limb Neural Tension Tests
      1. Prone knee bend test 1 – Femoral Nerve, L1-4 Nerve Root Bias
      2. Prone knee bend test 2 – Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Bias
      3. Prone knee extension test – Saphenous Nerve Bias
      4. Straight leg raise test 1 – Basic
      5. Straight leg raise test 2 – Tibial Nerve Bias
      6. Straight leg raise test 3 – Sural Nerve Bias
      7. Straight leg raise test 4 – Common Peroneal Nerve Bias
      8. Straight leg raise test 5 – Crossed Straight Leg (Well-Leg) Raising Test of Fajersztajn
      9. Straight leg raise test 6 – modified for patients who cannot lie supine
      10. Bilateral straight leg raise test
2. Neurologic Tests
   1. Romberg’s test
   2. Lhermitte’s sign
   3. Brudziński’s neck sign
   4. Brudziński’s contralateral reflex sign
   5. Brudziński’s reciprocal contralateral reflex sign
   6. Brudziński’s obscure cheek sign
   7. Brudziński’s symphyseal sign
   8. Kernig’s sign
   9. Hallpike-Dix test
   10. Soto-Hall test