Category: Clinical Tests

Clinical Tests | A list of clinical tests that detects/confirms a physical or mental feature which is regarded as an indication of a disease.

Back, Cervical, Clinical Tests, Lower Back Pain, Lumbar, Neck Pain

Valsalva Test for cervical/lumbar Spine

Purpose of Valsalva Test for cervical/lumbar Spine: To determine if there are neurologic symptoms related to radiculopathy (pain, muscle weakness, numbness and/or tingling that spreads distally in the limbs) when the patient inhales, holds the breath and bears down (strains) as if trying to have a bowel movement (1). Patient position: Standing or sitting upright with back unsupported. Examiner position: Standing beside the patient. Procedure: The … Continue reading Valsalva Test for cervical/lumbar Spine

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Cervical, Clinical Tests, Neck Pain

Bikele’s Sign

Purpose of Bikele’s Sign : To determine if there are neurologic symptoms when the arm is abducted, laterally rotated and elbow is extended. Patient position: Sitting upright with back unsupported and with arms beside the trunk. Examiner position: Standing behind the patient. Procedure: This test is performed in two steps: (1) The patient raises the arm sideways up to 90 degrees with the elbow fully … Continue reading Bikele’s Sign

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Arms, Cervical, Clinical Tests, Neck Pain

Brachial Plexus Tension Test

Purpose of Brachial Plexus Tension Test: To determine if there are neurologic symptoms when the arms are abducted and laterally rotated. Patient position: Sitting upright with back unsupported and with arms beside the trunk. Examiner position: Standing behind the patient. Procedure: This test is performed in a few steps: (1) The patient raises both arms sideways and then externally rotates the arms until neurologic symptoms … Continue reading Brachial Plexus Tension Test

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Back, Clinical Tests, Lower Back Pain, Neck Pain, Neurologic, Upper Back Pain

Lhermitte’s Sign

Purpose of Lhermitte’s Sign: To determine if there is a dural or meningeal irritation in the spine or to check if the dorsal column of the spinal cord is hyperexcitable due to demyelination. Patient position: Long sitting. Examiner position: Standing beside the examining table while the patient is in a long sitting position. Procedure: The examiner performs a gentle, passive flexion of the patient’s neck … Continue reading Lhermitte’s Sign

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Clinical Tests

Romberg’s Test

Purpose of Romberg’s Test: To determine if there is a lesion in the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway (also called as dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway – that conducts sensations such as fine touch, two-point discrimination, vibration and position sense (proprioception) from the skin and joints to the postcentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex) (1). The axons of this pathway cross midline in the medulla, called as internal arcuate … Continue reading Romberg’s Test

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